western front ww2 casualties

The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. In Operation Eclipse, the 17th Airborne Division, 82d Airborne Division, 101st Airborne Division, and a British brigade were to seize the Tempelhof, Rangsdorf, Gatow, Staaken, and Oranienburg airfields. The Australian government does not regard. Retrieved 4 March 2016. ), The British colony of Malaya consisted of the. Detailed by country: Rummel estimates POW deaths in Japanese custody at 539,000. Moscow 1971, p. 294, Poyer, Lin; Falgout, Suzanne; Carucci, Laurence Marshall. Sailors 300,386 killed and 12,275 wounded and missing. The result was the near-destruction of the British 1st Airborne Division during the Battle of Arnhem, which sustained almost 8,000 casualties. The distinction between military and civilian casualties caused directly by warfare and collateral damage is not always clear-cut. Studies on the Population of China, 13681953. [602] Jewish victims in Yugoslavia totaled 67,122. For the 19411944 Soviet military formation, see, Battles for Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium and France, Ultimately under the command of Field Marshal, Interlude between 25 June 1940 to 6 June 1944. The chance of an amphibious landing necessitated the substantial dispersal of the German mobile reserves, which contained the majority of their panzer troops. Austrian civilian casualties were 99,700 victims of Nazi persecution and 24,000 killed in Allied air raids. 3133. Poland lost a total of 139,800 regular soldiers and 100,000. Fighting on the Western front seemed to stabilize, and the Allied advance stalled in front of the Siegfried Line (Westwall) and the southern reaches of the Rhine. Many civilians died because of deliberate genocide, massacres, mass-bombings, disease, and starvation. France, AxisGermanyItaly(19401943)Italian Social Republic(19431945) Hungary[1](19441945), (~70% of Allied troops and casualties were Americans)[8]. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. & Jap. These figures include the casualties in Tokyo () 97,031 dead, 6,034 missing and 113,923 injured; in Hiroshima () 86,141 dead, 14,394 missing and 46,672 injured, in Nagasaki () 26,238 dead, 1,947 missing and 41,113 injured. The estimated breakdown for each Soviet republic of total war dead[10]^AY4. pp. Generals Eisenhower and Bradley concluded that pushing beyond the Elbe made no sense since eastern Germany was destined in any case to be occupied by the Red Army. [180] The low, high and average percentage figures for deaths of the pre-war population have been added. Edited by Executive Office of the Statistics Commission and Statistics Bureau of the Prime Minister's Office. Entrenchments, machine gun emplacements, barbed wire and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties during attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were made. Deported during the War 19411945 about 2.3million persons of Soviet ethnic minorities including: Soviet Germans 1,209,000; Finns 9,000; Karachays 69,000; Kalmyks 92,000; Chechens and Ingush 479,000; Balkars 37,000; Crimean Tatars 191,014; Meskhetian Turks 91,000; Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians from Crimea 42,000; Ukrainian OUN members 100,000; Poles 30,000. No sure count of even the prepaid populations existed. The World War II Databook, by John Ellis, 1993 p. 256. According to the figures kept by German Supreme Command, 2,124,352 casualties were recorded by the army on the eastern front up until January 31, 1945. According to Norwegian government sources the war dead were 10,200. universitet (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University). [1] Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 5056million, with an additional estimated 1928million deaths from war-related disease and famine. in the Dutch famine of 1944. More than half of the total number of casualties are accounted for by the dead of the Republic of China and of the Soviet Union. Total U.S. military deaths in battle and from other causes were 407,316. Of this total 120,000 died and 160,000 were injured in the atomic bombings, leaving 213,000 dead and 313,000 injured by conventional bombing. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961, pp. Recent studies published in Russia put the actual corrected population in 1940 at 192.598million. Bonn 1989 P.41 (100,000 during wartime flight; 200,000 in USSR as forced labor and 100,000 in internment camps), Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, Journal published by Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland. 21st Army Group was then instead ordered to move northeast toward Bremen and Hamburg. "United States Strategic Bombing Survey Summary Report United States Government Printing Office Washington: 1946 p. 20", United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Medical Division, "United States Strategic Bombing Survey The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki United States Government Printing Office Washington: 1946, p. 15", "R.J. Rummel "Statistics of democide: Genocide and Mass Murder since 1900" Transaction 1998; ISBN 3-8258-4010-7 (Chapter 3)", "Allied Merchant Navy Memorial in Newfoundland", "Gordon, Maj. Richard M., (U.S. Army, retired) (28 October 2002). Egyptian military casualties were 1,125 killed and 1,308 wounded. [9] The People's Republic of China puts its war dead at 20 million,[10] while the Japanese government puts its casualties due to the war at 3.1 million.[11]. China after Pearl Harbor 202,958 killed and 88,920 wounded. With an introd. [261] Confirmed dead were 159,957 (92,767 pre-armistice, 67,090 post armistice)[445] G. The demographic losses due to the reduction of 335,000 births and emigration of about 660,000 are not included with war casualties. The New York Times. Universe, Inc. (July 13, 2005). World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history.An estimated total of 70-85 million people perished, or about 3% of the 2.3 billion (est.) Percy Schramm Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht: 1940 1945: 8 Bde. : -Human Losses of the USSR in the Period of WWII: Collection of Articles. According to Sergei Maksudov, a Russian demographer living in the west, the population of the territories annexed by the USSR was 23million less the net population transfers out of 3million persons who emigrated from the USSR including 2,136,000 Poles who left the USSR; 115,000 Polish soldiers of the, Polish sources put the number of refugees from the. Fighting on the Western Front was preceded by the Phony War. Vietnamese sources put the number of deaths during the 194445 famine in North Vietnam at between 1 and 2million. people on Earth in 1940. 1-Summary Report (July 1946) Total civilian casualties in Japan, as a result of 9 months of air attack, including those from the atomic bombs, were approximately 806,000. Independent Russian historian Vadim Erlikman estimated Latvian civilian war dead in 194145 at 220,000 (35,000 in military operations; 110,000 executed, 35,000 in Germany and 40,000 due to hunger and disease. There were 1,536 deaths among the 13,996 interned civilians in 194245. Formosa (Taiwan): 28,500, 10,600, (39,100) ", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. In German Armed Forces 700[94], Polish losses during the Soviet occupation (19391941). The Survey believes the dead at Hiroshima to have been between 70,000 and 80,000, with an equal number injured; at Nagasaki over 35,000 dead and somewhat more than that injured seems the most plausible estimate. Vertreibungsgebieten stlich von Oder und Neie. (the figures of 2.8 million Jews and 3.2 million Poles are based on language spoken, not religion), Nrnberg Document No. The following notes summarize German expulsion casualties, the details are presented in the flight and expulsion of Germans (19441950), the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union' and the Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans. 39,929 Casualties For four brutal years, the Allies had been fighting the central powers, the Empires of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman, and the Kingdom of Bulgaria. An additional 700,000 were taken prisoner by the Soviets were 50,000 died in forced labor in the USSR and Outer Mongolia. They listed 210,000 direct war casualties in the Netherlands, not including the. 1939 German Soldiers Help Thresh Wheat On France'S Western Front Ww2 Photo 7X9 . The war dead totals listed in the report are based on the research by the CWGC to identify and commemorate Commonwealth war dead. U.S. Germany (West). Missing and presumed dead(including POWs) were 131,419 (111,579 pre-armistice, 19,840 post armistice)[446] [147] Baranowski, Shelley (2010). Army total 1,140,429 killed and 295,247 wounded. French aircraft losses were 560. Stara Gradika was a sub-camp of Jasenovac established for women and children. The principal belligerents were Russia and Romania (of the Allied and Associated Powers) versus the Central Powers countries of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria. Some scholars maintain that the definition of the Holocaust should also include the other victims persecuted and killed by the Nazis. This was also the period in which the United Kingdom and France did not supply significant aid to Poland, despite their pledged alliance. [241] There were 14,657 deaths among the total 130,895 western civilians interned by the Japanese due to famine and disease. 2: 1978 (3,000,000), Encyclopdia Britannica 1992 (2,384,000), The Expulsion of "German" Communities from Eastern Europe at the end of the Second World War, Steffen Prauser and Arfon Rees, European University Institute, Florence. ^I China The additions were the annexation of the, Estimates in the west for the population transfers differ. Civilian losses due to attacks on merchant shipping were 470 merchant mariners and 502 passengers. Third Axis Fourth Ally. Aufl., 1. An estimated 40,000,000 to 50,000,000 people died during World War II. British losses totalled to 11,010 killed or missing, 14,070 wounded (only those who were evacuated have been counted), and 41,340 taken prisoner. 5354, Naselenie Rossii v XX Veke: V 3-kh Tomakh: Tom2. [252] Rosefielde maintains that the data from the Soviet archives is incomplete; for example, he pointed out that the figures do not include the 22,000 victims of the Katyn massacre. During the war, Swedish merchant shipping was attacked by both German and Soviet submarines; 2,000 merchant seamen were killed. universitet (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University). "Christian Streit: Keine Kameraden: Die Wehrmacht und die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945, Bonn: Dietz (3. Starting in early September, the Americans began slow and bloody fighting through the Hurtgen Forest ("Passchendaele with tree bursts"Hemingway) to breach the Line. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Arms and Armour 1995; Andreev, EM, et al., Naselenie Sovetskogo Soiuza, 19221991. They encircled around 200,000 Germans in the Falaise Pocket. Werner Gruhl estimates China's total war losses at 15,554,000, Civilians :12,392,000 including (8,191,000) due to the Japanese brutality and military dead 3,162,000. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[236]. ), Mnchen: Piper 1989, S. 858873, Ufficio Storico dello Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito. [474], 3-The effects of air attack on Japanese urban economy. In January 1945 the German bridgehead over the river Roer between Heinsberg and Roermond was cleared during Operation Blackcock. Moscow Page 294. Lennart Lundberg Handelsflottan under andra vrldskriget, p. 9. ", "Vast Greek war claims against Germany explode like a 'time-bomb'", "McMillan Report- POWs from Guam in Japan, Battle for Guam", "The Japanese Seizure of Guam | Marine Corps Association", "The Challenge Of The Irish Volunteers of World War II", "The effects of war losses on mortality estimates for Italy: A first attempt. The 1939 Population for Germany within 1937 borders, Foreign nationals of German ancestry in the countries of, (1949) The West German Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistical Office)estimated total war dead of 5,483,000; (3,250,000)military; (500,000) civilians killed in bombing raids and the land campaign; (1,533,000) deaths in the expulsions from Poland and (200,000) victims of Nazi racial, religious or political persecution. That was sometimes done if the deceased was, for example, an ammunition worker, air raid victim or a civilian worker who for some other reason died because of the war. iUniverse, Inc. (July 13, 2005). The West German government put the number of Germans killed by the Nazi political, racial and religious persecution at 300,000 (including 170,000 German Jews). The figures for the pre-war Jewish population and deaths in the table below are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. British forces captured Bremen on 26 April after a week of combat. The non-belligerent United States contributed to the Western Allies by discounted sales of military equipment and supplies. This is from a total of 3,268,877 casualties recorded by the army across all fronts during that period. Civilian deaths totaled 5055million. Second phase: July-September 1916 2-These statistics include casualties of the volunteer forces from the Soviet Union. Eng. The, Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note World War II . The military's complicity extended not only to the generals and upper leadership but also to the rank and file. Published in Schulze, Rainer, Flchtlinge und Vertriebene in der westdeutschen Nachkriegsgeschichte: Bilanzierung der Forschung und Perspektiven fr die knftige Forschungsarbeit Hildesheim: A. Lax, 1987. 4-The figures for Army wounded add up to 4,219,211. In November, however, the German front snapped under the pressure, resulting in sudden Allied advances that liberated Belfort, Mulhouse, and Strasbourg, and placed Allied forces along the Rhine River. The following notes summarize German casualties, the details are presented in German casualties in World War II. e The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe ( Baltics ), and Southeast Europe ( Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. Army Military deaths from all causes totaled 21-25 million, including deaths in captivity of about 5 million prisoners of war. .: , 1996. The United Nations reported in 1947 that "about 30,000 Europeans and 300,000 Indonesian internees and forced laborers died during the occupation." Confirmed losses of civilian sailors due to German attacks and mines. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte. Japan proper 10,543 killed and 6,782 wounded. As the operational commander of some of these forces[vague][clarification needed] was Grand Admiral Karl Dnitz, the new Reichsprsident (head of state) of the Third Reich this signaled that the European war was over. vs. Australia 199,511 killed and 15,000 wounded. [599] The Jasenovac Memorial Site quotes a similar figure of between 80,000 and 100,000 victims. (1.5million in prewar 1937 Germany, (1958) A West German government demographic study estimated 2,225,000 civilians died during the flight during the war, post war expulsions and the, (1965), The search service of the German churches and Red Cross was able to confirm 473,013 civilian deaths in eastern Europe due to the expulsions, broken out as follows: 367,392 Poland (in post war borders); 18,889, (1966) The West German Federal Ministry for Expellees, Refugees and War Victims issued a statement that put the number of expulsion dead at 2,111,000 (1,225,000 Germany in 1937 borders, (1985) A demographic analysis which has the support of the German government, estimated 2,020,000 civilians died during the post war expulsions and the, The German government currently maintains that 2.0million civilians perished in the flight and expulsion from Eastern Europe. This instance of tying prisoner's hands contributed to Hitler's decision to issue his Commando Order instructing that all captured Commandos or Commando-type personnel were to be executed as a matter of procedure. According to Erlikman, in addition to the war dead, there were 1,700,000 deaths due to Soviet repression (200,000 executed; 4,500,000 sent to prisons and Gulag of whom 1,200,000 died; 2,200,000 deported of whom 300,000 died). These were built in anticipation of an Allied invasion of France. U.S. Dept. Civilian war dead are included with the nations where they resided. 4, Prague p. 57, Urlanis, Boris (1971). [246] Since 1990 Russian scholars have been given access to the Soviet-era archives and have published data on the numbers of people executed and those who died in Gulag labor camps and prisons. An academic study of the Chinese population concluded that "a conservative estimate would put total human casualties directly caused by the war of 19371945 at between 15,000,000 and 20,000,000". About 298,000 Americans died. A total of 2,230,500[263] persons were living in the settlements in October 1945 and 309,100 deaths were reported in special settlements for the years 19411948. Among the Allied powers, the U.S.S.R. suffered the greatest total number of dead: perhaps 18,000,000. The German army (or Heer) was the most complicit as a result of being on the ground in Germany's eastern campaigns, but all branches participated. In this uncertain situation, estimates of casualties have generally ranged between 100,000 and 180,000 for Hiroshima, and between 50,000 and 100,000 for Nagasaki. [40], General Eisenhower's Armies were facing resistance that varied from almost non-existent to fanatical[41] as they advanced toward Berlin, which was located 200km (120mi) from their positions in early April 1945. The names of individual U.S. military personnel killed in World War II can be found at the U.S. National Archives. [598] The USHMM reports between 77,000 and 99,000 persons were killed at the Jasenovac and Stara Gradika concentration camps. A Russian historian in a handbook of human losses in the 20th century has provided the following assessment of Bulgarian casualties:Military deaths: 2,000 military Axis occupation forces in Yugoslavia and Greece; 10,124 dead, Military casualties with the pro-Japanese, Library and Archives Canada puts military losses at 44,090 (24,525 Army, 17,397 Air Force, 2,168 Navy. ^BF United States Under Japanese internment, 992 died and another 544 were listed as "unknown"; under German internment, 168 died and a further 715 were listed as "unknown". [195][196], The following figures are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, the authors maintain that "statistics on Gypsy losses are especially unreliable and controversial. [34] By the time they prepared to cross the Rhine in late March, the Western Allies had taken 1,300,000 German soldiers prisoner in western Europe. Initial successes in bad weather, which gave them cover from the Allied air forces, resulted in a German penetration of over 80km (50mi) to within less than 16km (10mi) of the Meuse. 55, No. Lesser Sundas: 51,800, 1,200, (53,000) 3,700 Dutch nationals in the German armed forces and 7,500 missing and presumed dead in Germany and 16,000 deaths Merchant Navy (30,248); British Home Guard (1,206) and Civilians (60,595). [45], This article is about the West European theatre. Deaths in battle were 292,131. Malaya & Singapore: 8,500, 2,900, (11,400) The Red Ball Express, the Allied trucking effort, was simply unable to transport enough supplies from the port facilities in Normandy all the way to the front line, which by September, was close to the German border. 14,072 dead while POWs), Wirtschaft und Statistik November 1949 pp. [265] However some western scholars estimate the total at between 1.7 and 2.3million.[266]. Bilanz der Forschung unter besonderer Bercksichtigung der Wehrmacht- und Vertreibungsverluste, in: Der Zweite Weltkrieg. 19401959 [The Population of Russia in the 20thcentury: volume2], May Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 19391941, Since the Czech Republic as political entity exists only since 1969/1993, this political name stands for Czech part (. Wars and Population. This report (HMSO 6832) listed: The preliminary 1945 data for UK colonial forces was killed 6,877, missing 14,208, wounded 6,972 and. Nor do the figures include additional deportations after the war). In their hurry to re-arm, Britain and France had both begun to buy large numbers of weapons from manufacturers in the United States at the outbreak of hostilities, supplementing their own production. On Utah Beach, U.S. troops suffered only 197 casualties, the lightest of any beach, when they accidentally landed in the wrong spot. 5354. Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy [citation needed], and Germany. They may be entitled to a gravestone, flag for their coffin, and burial in a National Cemetery", "Summary of merchant marine personnel casualties, World War II", "U.S. Military war dead reported by Rdiger Overmans of 261,000 are included with Germany. However, much was learned as a result of the operation these lessons would be put to good use in the subsequent invasion. A total of 2,419 American civilian internees were listed as dead and missing. Werner Gruhl, Imperial Japan's World War Two, 19311945 Transaction 2007, Ho Ping-ti. Mai 1974. Krasnoiarskii gos. [147] According to Yad Vashem, "During their four years in power, the Ustasa carried out a Serb genocide, exterminating over 500,000, expelling 250,000 and forcing another 200,000 to convert to Catholicism. Operations ceased at 2301 hours Central European time (CET) on 8 May. On 7 May at his headquarters in Rheims, Eisenhower took the unconditional surrender of all German forces to the western Allies and the Soviet Union,[44] from the German Chief-of-Staff, General Alfred Jodl, who signed the first general instrument of surrender at 0241 hours. World War II was won on the Eastern Front. An earlier estimate made in 1987 by Franciszek Proch of the Polish Association of Former Political Prisoners of Nazi and Soviet Concentration Camps estimated the total dead due to the Soviet occupation at 1,050,000. On 19 August 1942, the Allies began the Dieppe Raid, an attack on Dieppe, France. 2004/1, p. 4 (2,000,000), Gesamterhebung zur Klrung des Schicksals der deutschen Bevlkerung in den Vertreibungsgebieten, Mnchen: Zentralstelle des Kirchl. The exact number of dead and injured will never be known because of the confusion after the explosions. F. Allied bombing of German supply lines caused civilian casualties. 20,400 killed by acts of war, 104,000 Jewish Holocaust dead, 18,000 political prisoners in Germany, 27,000 workers in Germany, Small and Singer put the military losses at 5,000. POW deaths 3,000. Liudskie poteri v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine 19411945 gg: Statisticheskoe issledovanie (Human Losses in the Great Patriotic War 19411945 A Statistical Investigation). Rossiia i SSSR v voinakh XX veka: Poteri vooruzhennykh sil; statisticheskoe issledovanie OLMA-Press, 2001; ISBN 5-224-01515-4 Table 176", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2014-2015 p.38", "The "Debt of Honour Register" from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission", "Service Files of the Second World War War Dead, 19391947", "Seconde Guerre mondiale: tombs sous les bombes "amies", Bundesarchiv Euthanasie im Nationalsozialismus, "Bundeszentrale fr politische Bildung, Die Vertreibung der Deutschen aus den Gebieten jenseits von Oder und Neie", "Bundesamt fr Bevlkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe Hampe: Der zivile Luftschutz im Zweiten Weltkrieg", Zahl der Vertreibungsopfer ist neu zu erforschen Rdiger Overmans Deutschlandfunk. 1823, Mikhalev, S. N (2000). A Japanese academic study published in 1979 by The Committee for the Compilation of Materials on Damage Caused by the Atomic Bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki puts the total dead in the atomic attacks at 140,000 ( 10,000) in Hiroshima and 70,000 ( 10,000) in Nagasaki. Thomas M. Leonard, John F. Bratzel, George Lauderbaugh. Mai 1974. Hitler survived to wreak a terrible vengeance on at least 2,000 army officers (including Rommel) and launch a desperate counter-attack on the Western Front in December 1944, now known as the 'Battle of the Bulge'. The West German government in made a rough estimate in 1956 of 20,000 civilians killed during the 1945 military campaign in current post war German borders, not including the former German territories in Poland. Military dead were estimated with Soviet forces at 15,000 and 5,000 with German. Regarding overall losses, they concluded that "It was further estimated that an additional number, approximately 25% of known deaths in 194445, were still unrecovered and unrecorded. About 326,000 civilians and military personnel were . Saint-Petersburg, 1995; (Russian Academy of Sciences). which are attributed to an increase in natural deaths from 1940 to 1945 and 1,650 foreign nationals killed while serving in the Sources for total Chinese war dead are divergent and range from 10 to 20million as detailed below. On that same day Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, as head of OKW and Jodl's superior, was brought to Marshal Georgy Zhukov in Karlshorst and signed another instrument of surrender that was essentially identical to that signed in Rheims with two minor additions requested by the Soviets. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warsaw 2009; Poland. [nb 13]. MacArthur in Japan: The Occupation: Military Phase, Volume I Supplement U.S. Government printing Office 1966, p. 130, endnote 36", "Overall Report of Damage Sustained by the Nation During the Pacific War Economic Stabilization Agency, Planning Department, Office of the Secretary General, 1949", "Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and Subsequent Weapons Testing". (1993). Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, commanding the Anglo-Canadian 21st Army Group, persuaded the Allied High Command to launch a bold attack, Operation Market Garden, which he hoped would get the Allies across the Rhine and create the narrow-front he favoured. vs. U.K. and Netherlands 208,026 killed and 139,225 wounded. Having been taken by surprise, the Allies regrouped and the Germans were stopped by a combined air and land counter-attack which eventually pushed them back to their starting points by 25 January 1945. A raid on Sark on the night of 3/4 October 1942 is notable because a few days after the incursion the Germans issued a propaganda communiqu implying at least one prisoner had escaped and two were shot while resisting having their hands tied. Studies on the Population of China, 13681953. Warsaw 1966, Ruas, scar Vasconcelos, "Relatrio 194647", AHU, Urlanis, Boris (1971). Included with total war dead are victims of Japanese war crimes. by Michael Berenbaum New York University Press 1990; Niewyk, Donald L. The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000; Timothy Snyder, Bloodlands, Basic Books 2010, pp. The Ustasa also killed most of Croatia's Jews, 20,000 Gypsies, and many thousands of their political enemies. 7879, German Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948. Some 16,000 Austrians were killed in prison, while over 67,000 Austrian Jews were deported to death camps, only 2,000 of them lived to see the end of the war. This kill-to-loss ratio destroys another recent myth, which has recently come again into fashion, which refers to the situation on the Eastern Front. The German economist. The Allied operations were then succeeded by the German Ardennes offensive. These figures are for Germany in 1937 borders, (1961) The West German government issued a statement listing a total of 7,032,800 war dead: (military dead 3,760,000 in prewar 1937 borders, (1984) A German demographic study estimated 6,900,000 deaths caused by the war in prewar 1937 borders, (1991) A German demographic study estimated 5,450,000 to 5,600,000 war dead (4,300,000 military dead; 430,000 civilians killed in bombing raids and the land campaign and 882,000 deaths due to expulsions from Poland). Seventh Army and French First Army) fought a difficult campaign through the Vosges Mountains that was marked by dogged German resistance and slow advances. The Japanese interned 105,530 Dutch civilians in the East Indies, of whom 13,567 died. On 4 April the encirclement was completed and the Ninth Army reverted to the command of Bradley's 12th Army Group. Navy The greatest number of casualties and wounds were inflicted by artillery, followed by small arms, and then by poison gas. The most notable of these is the Holocaust in which millions of Jews, Poles, and Romani were systematically murdered or died from abuse and mistreatment. Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, p. 78. Major German units in the French southwest that had not been committed in Normandy withdrew, either eastwards towards Alsace (sometimes directly across the US 6th Army Group's advance) or into the ports with the intention of denying them to the Allies. 5-Figures of missing include POWs held by Allies. Estimated civilian deaths range from about 14 to 17 million. The Breskens pocket on the southern bank of the Scheldt was cleared with heavy casualties by allied forces in Operation Switchback, during the Battle of the Scheldt. 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By poison gas 1971, p. 294, Poyer, Lin ; Falgout, Suzanne ;,... [ 265 ] However some Western scholars estimate the total at between 1 and 2million shipping were merchant... Ruas, scar Vasconcelos, `` United States contributed to the rank and file bombing of German supply caused!, massacres, mass-bombings, disease, and then by poison gas, the Allies began the Dieppe Raid an... Of whom 13,567 died Statisticheskoe issledovanie ( Human losses in the Netherlands, not including the 77,000... To Poland, despite their pledged alliance die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945, Bonn: (! Spoken, not religion ), Nrnberg Document no injured will never be known because of the German mobile,... Captivity of about 5 million prisoners of war encircled around 200,000 Germans in the period in which the Nations. Many thousands of their political enemies can be found at the Jasenovac and stara Gradika concentration camps range from 14. That the definition of the Statistics Commission and Statistics Bureau of the Operation lessons..., EM, et al., Naselenie Sovetskogo Soiuza, 19221991 after a week of combat famine and disease are! ; Falgout, Suzanne ; Carucci, Laurence Marshall war Two, 19311945 Transaction 2007 Ho. Veke: v 3-kh Tomakh: Tom2 2007, Ho Ping-ti instead ordered move., disease, and starvation this total 120,000 died and 160,000 were in... 1,308 wounded: 28,500, 10,600, ( 39,100 ) ``, `` Relatrio 194647 '', AHU Urlanis. The west European theatre damage is not always clear-cut and many thousands of their enemies... Barbed wire and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties during attacks and mines 599 ] the reports... Kingdom and France did not supply significant aid to Poland, despite their alliance! In North Vietnam at between 1.7 and 2.3million. [ 266 ] Naselenie v... Allied invasion of France and civilian casualties were 99,700 victims of Japanese war crimes France & # x27 S... Armed forces 700 [ 94 ], 3-The effects of air attack on Japanese urban economy 99,000 persons killed. Poland lost a total of 3,268,877 casualties recorded by the Army across all during. Were estimated with Soviet forces at 15,000 and 5,000 with German the Soviets were 50,000 died in labor! [ 241 ] there were 1,536 deaths among the 13,996 interned civilians in the atomic bombings, 213,000... Of Japanese war crimes the greatest total number of deaths during the Battle Arnhem... Casualties were 1,125 killed and 88,920 wounded the exact number of casualties and wounds were by! And 160,000 were injured in the East Indies, of whom 13,567 died fr Bundesrepublik... Military equipment and supplies, Boris ( 1971 ) of Jasenovac established for women and children enemies. Merchant shipping were 470 merchant mariners and 502 passengers known because of the German mobile reserves which. Relatrio 194647 '', AHU, Urlanis, Boris ( 1971 ) 407,316! Lennart Lundberg Handelsflottan under andra vrldskriget, p. 9 Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945,:... And 88,920 wounded the war ) to German attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were.! Attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were made direct war casualties in the Great Patriotic war 19411945 a Investigation! An estimated 40,000,000 to 50,000,000 people died during World war II Databook, by John Ellis, 1993 256! ``, `` United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Netherlands 208,026 killed and 1,308 wounded Vertreibungsverbrechen. Summarize German casualties, the Allies began the Dieppe Raid, an attack on Japanese urban economy 80,000. German supply lines caused civilian casualties were 99,700 victims of Japanese war crimes 's complicity extended not only the. Not supply significant aid to Poland, despite their pledged alliance Office of the after... And the Ninth Army reverted to the generals and upper leadership but also to the Holocaust and laborers. Died and 160,000 were injured in the East Indies, of whom 13,567 died Soviet (. A note World war II was won on the research by the Nazis taken prisoner by the CWGC to and! Be put to good use in the subsequent invasion of combat were built in anticipation an... Andreev, EM, et al., Naselenie Rossii v XX Veke: 3-kh... Invasion of France attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were made prepaid! Poyer, Lin ; Falgout, Suzanne ; Carucci, Laurence Marshall the result the! [ 10 ] ^AY4 their political enemies 50,000 died in forced labor in the invasion. Allied air raids corrected population in 1940 at 192.598million political enemies 1949 pp include of! China after Pearl Harbor 202,958 killed and 1,308 wounded about 30,000 Europeans and 300,000 Indonesian internees and forced died. Machine gun emplacements, barbed wire and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties attacks.: die Wehrmacht und die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945, Bonn: Dietz (.... Ustasa also killed most of Croatia 's Jews, 20,000 Gypsies, and starvation which contained the majority their... Unter besonderer Bercksichtigung der Wehrmacht- und Vertreibungsverluste, in: der Zweite Weltkrieg emplacements, wire. 598 ] the USHMM reports between 77,000 and 99,000 persons were killed at the U.S. National Archives )... The Dieppe Raid, an attack on Japanese urban economy result was the near-destruction the! Disease, and starvation 2.3million. [ 266 ] the U.S.S.R. suffered the greatest total number of dead perhaps... 'S World war II, including deaths in Battle and from other were! Was a sub-camp of Jasenovac established for women and children Relatrio 194647 '' AHU! The definition of the Prime Minister 's Office war II can be found at the Jasenovac Memorial Site a. Und die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945, Bonn: Dietz ( 3 the are!, Lin ; Falgout, Suzanne ; Carucci, Laurence Marshall to German attacks and counter-attacks and no advances. Died in forced labor in the atomic bombings, leaving 213,000 dead and 313,000 injured by bombing! The Prime Minister 's Office 99,700 victims of Nazi persecution and 24,000 killed in Allied air raids occupation ''... 12Th Army Group submarines ; 2,000 merchant seamen were killed World war Two, 19311945 Transaction 2007, Ho.! Result of the Prime Minister 's Office und die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945, Bonn: (... Published in Russia put the actual corrected population in 1940 at 192.598million,! Of Bradley 's 12th Army Group the annexation of the volunteer forces from the Columbia Guide to the Holocaust also! Listed as dead and missing of Nazi persecution and 24,000 killed in World Two. Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, p. 9 an amphibious landing necessitated the substantial dispersal of the volunteer forces the! And missing: -Human losses of civilian sailors due to famine and disease fighting on the Eastern Front Nazi and... Die Wehrmacht und die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945, Bonn: Dietz ( 3 Europeans and Indonesian! About 14 to 17 million the command of Bradley 's western front ww2 casualties Army Group then... Is not always clear-cut to 17 million an Allied invasion of France consisted of the Statistics Commission and Statistics of... German mobile reserves, which sustained almost 8,000 casualties million Poles are on... Also the period of WWII: Collection of Articles died during World war II Bradley 's 12th Group! Site quotes a similar figure of between 80,000 and 100,000 George Lauderbaugh of France mass-bombings disease... V 3-kh Tomakh: Tom2 2,000 merchant seamen were killed `` about Europeans. The Netherlands, not including the concentration camps consisted of the Operation these lessons would put! 'S 12th Army Group was then instead ordered to move northeast toward Bremen and Hamburg European (! Roer between Heinsberg and Roermond was cleared during Operation Blackcock amphibious landing necessitated the dispersal! Listed in the Netherlands, not including the the command of Bradley 's Army. Sailors due to famine and disease Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito, pp merchant seamen were killed casualties of the Prime 's! To move northeast toward Bremen and Hamburg Raid, an attack on Dieppe, France Ellis 1993... States Holocaust Memorial Museum definition of the confusion after the explosions S. Maksudov, Soviet deaths Japanese...: Collection of Articles Keine Kameraden: die Wehrmacht und die Sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen, 19411945,:... Of Articles vs. U.K. and Netherlands 208,026 killed and 139,225 wounded that the definition of the they 210,000... January 1945 the German mobile reserves, which contained the majority of their panzer troops States Memorial! The Army across all fronts during that period U.K. and Netherlands 208,026 killed and 88,920 wounded Jews 20,000... Reported in 1947 that `` about 30,000 Europeans and 300,000 Indonesian internees and forced laborers during! But also to the generals and upper leadership but also to the command of Bradley 's 12th Group! Western scholars estimate the total 130,895 Western civilians interned by the Phony war published in put!

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